波浪挟沙能力及航道骤淤机理的研究

Sediment-carrying capacity of wave and mechanism of sudden silting in navigation channel

从理论上对波浪作用下的“挟沙能力”进行了定义和推导,基于波浪的悬沙和挟沙机理,求得波浪作用下泥沙浓度分布函数。在此基础上,对河口海岸区域及航道的骤淤进行了研究,依据河口泥沙的骤淤形成和发生情况的不同,将其划分为大于水体极限含沙量型骤淤(绝对骤淤)、不平衡输沙型骤淤、风浪停止型骤淤以及异重流停顿型骤淤四种模式,并分别给出了4种骤淤模式的计算方法。分析表明,黄骅港附近海域与航道,属于不平衡输沙型骤淤、风浪停止型骤淤两种类型,黄骅港实际含沙量分布和航道骤淤情况计算结果验证了本文所提模式。

The concept of sediment-carrying capacity of wave is theoretically defined and the sediment concentration distribution under the action of waves is deduced. On this basis the probable sudden silting occurred to navigation channel in coastal area is investigated. This phenomenon may be divided into four modes： silting due to concentration exceeding the limitation （absolute sudden silting）, silting due to unbalance transportation, silting due to wave ceasing and silting due to density flow stop moving. The calculation methods for corresponding modes are proposed. The study result is applied to analyze the sedimentation taken place in coastal area and navigation channel in Huanhua Port, Jianshu Province, China. It is found that the sedimentation belongs to the mode due to unbalance transportation or due to wave ceasing. The validity of the calculated concentration distributions is verified by observation data.