地方政府灾害应急管理问题研究——以灾区某市政府地震灾害应急管理为例

Study on Local Government Disaster Emergency Management——Case Study of Earthquake Disaster Emergency Management of a City

为了建立健全我国突发公共事件应急管理体制,提高各级政府应对突发事件的能力,分析和研究各级政府在突发公共事件应急管理过程中存在的问题显得非常重要。本文通过对九江地区5.7级地震发生后灾区某市政府在应急救灾抢险方面所展开的各项管理工作的调查研究,对灾区政府从启动初动体制到全面展开应急救灾工作的应急管理过程进行了详细分析。在此基础上,以灾区某市政府地震灾害应急管理为例,就我国各级政府在灾害管理过程中普遍存在的有应急预案但没有相应的防灾规划实施细则、灾后受灾应急评估体系不健全、应急避难与应急救灾物资缺少规划管理等问题进行了探讨和分析,并就如何加强我国地方政府灾害应急管理能力提出了相应的建议和方法。

In order to build up a perfect emergency management system and to enhance the capability of government of each level in managing crisis, it is extremely important to identify and study problems extensively in the systems currently provided by our local governments. In this paper, a detailed analysis is given of some city emergency process from initializing the disaster management system to large scale rescue during Jiujiang Earthquake. Based on this example, we have studied common problems in normal procedures offered by our local governments in our country in terms of disaster emergency management. It is pointed out that, besides setting up special emergency infrastructures, our local governments should give detailed procedures in Disaster prevention plan, improve the capability of resolving emergency problems, perfect the disaster emergency appraisal system so that the disaster loss can be estimated effectively in time which can provide scientific data for further emergency planning and practicing. This paper also provides suggestions and methods for how to enhance our local government capability in disaster emergency management.