地震波数值模拟方法研究综述

Review of Seismic Wave Numerical Modeling Methods

地震波场数值模拟不仅是研究复杂地区地震资料采集、处理和解释的有效辅助手段,而且是研究地球深部精细构造的有效工具。地震波场数值模拟的主要方法包括3大类,即几何射线法、积分方程法和波动方程法。首先介绍了地震波数值模拟方法的理论基础和内容及特点,然后概括介绍了20世纪90年代以来几何射线法和各种波动方程数值模拟方法的新进展。因为波动方程数值模拟包含了丰富的波动信息,可为研究地震波的传播机理和复杂地层的解释提供更多的佐证,所以重点介绍波动方程数值模拟方法。最后,对各种数值模拟方法进行了评述,并给出了地震波传播理论和数值模拟方法发展的展望。

Seismic numerical modeling is an important tool not only to the sampling, processing and interpretation of seismic data in complex area, but also to the investigation of the accurate structure of the earth＇s interior. The seismic numerical modeling methods are mainly of three types, including ray tracing method, integral equation method and wave equation method. In this paper, firstly the basic principles are introduced, the theoretical basis and the contents as well as the characteristics of various seismic numerical modeling methods are then described. The developments of ray tracing method and various seismic numerical modeling methods since 1990s are also briefly reviewed. Since the wave equation includes abundant information and offers more evidences to the propagation mechanism of seismic waves and to the interpretation of complex stratum, emphasis is focused on the wave equation modeling methods. In the end of this paper, we give out our evaluation to various numerical modeling methods are evaluated and the prospect for the future development of various numerical modeling methods is provided.