成肌细胞的临床应用现状及前景

PRESENT AND FUTURE OF CLINICAL APPLICATION OF MYOBLAST

目的介绍成肌细胞在临床常见疾病细胞治疗和基因治疗中的研究现状、前景和存在的问题。方法查阅国内外近15年来对Duchenne型肌营养不良、帕金森病、脊髓疾病、永久性面瘫、心血管系统疾病、骨、关节及肌肉损伤、血液系统疾病以及垂体性侏儒等的细胞治疗及基因治疗文献,并进行综合分析。结果成肌细胞移植是治疗多种常见疾病较为理想的方法,在医学领域中的应用取得了一定进展,但也存在免疫排斥及成肌细胞移植最佳载体的选择等问题。结论利用成肌细胞为载体携带外源基因,治疗临床常见疾病是目前研究的重点和热点,存在的主要问题是移植免疫、成肌细胞融合率以及目标蛋白的表达。成肌细胞来源和取材容易,易于在体外培养,便于回输给宿主,这些优点利于其在临床诸多领域的中应用。

Objective To introduce the current situation and future of myoblast transfer therapy （MTT） in clinical application. Methods The latest fifteen-year literatures were extensively reviewed, concerning gene therapy for Duchenne＇s muscular dystrophy, Parkinson＇s disease, myelopathy, permanent facial paralysis, angiocardiopathy, injuries of bone, joint and muscle, hematopathy, and pituitary dwarf. Results In medical field, MTT is an ideal method to treat some common diseases. The problems were immunologic rejection and better carriers for myoblasts implantation. Conclusion It is the focus on the use of myoblast as a vector to carry exogenous gene in some disease therapy. The major problems of MTT include transplantation immunity, cell fusion and target protein expression. It is easy to gain, culture and transfuse to the host for myoblasts, these merits are beneficial to clinical application.