5Richard Hofstadter, The Idea of a Party System: The Rise of Legitimate Opposition in the United States, 1780--1840. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969. p4-5.
6吴飞.《平衡与妥协--西方传媒法研究》,中国传媒大学出版社,2006年版,第6页.
7James Madison, from the Federalist, B. Wright ed. 1961. 转引自 Thomas E. Patterson, McGraw-Hill, A Division of the McGraw-Hill Company ,1997, Appendixes, p33.
