桂西北环境移民示范区柑橘园土壤和叶片营养状况

Soil and leaf nutrient condition of plants from Citrus orchards in demonstration area of environmental immigrants,Northwest Guangxi Province

分析、测定了桂西北环境移民示范区126片柑橘园的植株叶片和土壤的矿质元素含量.结果表明,柑橘园植株叶片营养状况整体较好,柑橘叶片N,P,Mg,Ca,Fe,Mn等元素含量适宜,K含量严重缺乏,Cu,Zn含量不同程度缺乏.柑橘园土壤存在酸性过强、有效Fe含量较高、交换性盐基(Ca,Mg,K)含量严重偏低的问题;土壤有机质,速效P,水解N含量适宜,而有效Cu,Zn含量缺乏.探讨了柑橘叶片矿质元素含量与土壤养分含量的相关性.结果表明,叶片营养元素的质量分数与土壤相应养分的质量分数很少存在显著相关,而叶片K,P,Ca,Fe,Mn,Zn质量分数与土壤多种养分质量分数间存在一定的相关性,表明土壤养分与叶片元素含量间关系的复杂性.土壤P与叶片P含量呈负相关,表明在生产中应讲究P肥施用,也表明土壤分析与叶片分析在营养诊断中具有互补作用.

The mass fractions of the mineral nutrient in leaves and soils of 126 orchards in demonstration area of environmental immigrants, Northwest Guangxi province were analysed. The results were as follows： the nutrition conditions of the mineral nutrient elements in leaves were generally good, mass fractions in the leaves such as N, P, Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn were optimum, K in the plants were considerably deficient, mass fractions of some trace elements such as Cu, Zn were deficient. In the soils of orchards, the problems such as stronger acidity, higher mass fractions of readily available Fe, lower mass fractions of exchangeable base（Ca, Mg, K） and deficient trace elements Cu, Zn were found, however, mass fractions of soil（organic matter, P, N available） were optimum. Pertinence between mass fractions of mineral nutrients in leaves and soil were discussed, the results show that significant correlation between mass fractions of mineral nutrient elements in leaves and corresponding soil were slight, but correlation between mass fractions of mineral nutrient K, P, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn in leaves and mass fractions of a few of nutrient of soil were correlated to some extent, which indicated the complexity of their relationship. Leaves P and soil P were negatively correlated, so effect of P application should be stressed, which meant soil analysis and leaf analysis were mutual to each other in nutrition diagnosis.