大豆籽粒维生素E含量与生态因子关系的研究

Effects of Eco-Physiological Factors on Vitamin E Content in Soybean Seed

大豆籽粒富含VE,是人类重要的VE来源之一。为了研究生态因子对大豆籽粒中VE含量的影响,2001—2002年在河南省夏大豆主产区的5个试点,以豫豆25为材料,分13期播种,将109个大豆样本籽粒的VE含量与气象、土壤养分和海拔等33个生态因子进行了统计分析。诸样本VE总量的变异范围为500.99-2353.68μgg^-1。逐步回归筛选出9个生态因子与大豆VE含量显著相关。与VE含量呈负相关的因子有幼苗期（P〈0.01）、分枝期（P〈0.001）和花荚期（P〈0.001）降水、花荚期昼夜温差（P〈0.05）、鼓粒成熟期日照（P〈0.001）及土壤速效氮含量（P〈0.001）;与VE含量呈正相关的因子有：土壤磷含量（P〈0.001）和海拔（P〈0.001）。另外,VE含量与花荚期日照呈正相关（P〈0.001）,与花荚期日照的平方呈负相关（P〈0.01）。这些结果对高VE含量品种选育和配套栽培技术研究有重要的参考价值。

Vitamin E （VE） is an important nutrient factor for human beings, and soybean seed is one of major available VE recourses. To reveal the correlation between VE content in soybean seed and ecological factors, the present experiment was carried out using soybean cultivar Yudou 25 sown at 5 locations of Henan province on 13 different dates in 2001 and 2002. The data of VE contents for the 109 samples of soybean seed and 33 eco-physiological factors including meteorological factors, soil nutrition and altitudes were obtained and used for statistical analyses. Step-wise regression was used to screen the correlated factors, which showed significant effect on VE content. Results indicated that the VE contents was substantially affected by the environmental conditions and ranged from 500.99 μgg^-1to 2 353.68 μgg^-1 among all samples. Nine eco-physiological factors were highly correlated with VE content, including 6 meteorological factors, 2 soil nutrition factors and altitude. VE content was negatively correlated with rainfall at seedling （ P 〈 0.01 ）, rainfall at branching （P 〈 0.001）, rainfall at blooming and podding （P 〈 0.001）, diurnal temperature range at blooming and podding （ P 〈 0.05）, hours of sunlight at seed-filling and maturity （ P 〈 0.001 ）, and hydrolysable N （ P 〈 0.001 ）, but positively correlated with total P content in soil （ P 〈 0.001 ） and altitude （ P 〈 0.001 ）. While the VE content was positively correlated with hours of sunlight at blooming and podding （ P 〈 0.001 ）, and negatively correlated with the square of the factor （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The result of this experiment is meaningful for the development of soybean cultivars with higher VE and for the production of soybeans with more VE.