双城土壤养分空间变异与玉米分区施肥技术研究

Study on the Technology of Spatial Variation of Soil Nutrients and Regionalized Fertilization of Maize in Shuangcheng

采用全球卫星定位系统(GPS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术,对黑龙江省双城市粮田耕层土壤进行了空间变异特征和分区施肥研究。结果表明,黑龙江省西南部玉米主产区黑钙土养分含量比较丰富,硼含量较高,氮含量较低。土壤中B、N、S、P的空间分布具有明显的变异性。土壤中B元素空间分布的偏斜程度较大。土壤养分偏斜程度与土壤养分变异系数之间存在密切的线性相关关系,相关系数R=0.9674。玉米分区平衡施肥取得了显著效果,较习惯施肥平均增产851 kg/hm2,平均增产率10.9%,平均增收610元/hm2。

Spatial variability and regionalized fertilization in Shuangcheng city of Heilongjiang province were studied using the technology of Global Positioning System and Geography Information System. The results showed that the black calcareors soil in the southwest of Heilongjiang province was relatively rich in nutrient; the content of boron was fairly high,but the content of nitrogen was comparatively low. The variation of spatial distribution of B, N, S, P was significant. The declining degree of the spatial distribution of B was fairly high. The close correlation existed between the degree of soil nutrients declining and the coefficient of variance of soil nutrient, and the correlation coefficient was 0. 9674. The regionalized fertilization of maize has achieved significant effect, through which the yield increased 851 kg/hm^2, the average increase rate was 10. 9% ,and the average benefit was 610 yuan/ hm^2.