封闭空间中细水雾灭油盆火的试验研究

Experimental study of pool fire suppression by water mist in enclosure

为了研究不同条件下细水雾的灭火效果，进行了一系列的细水雾灭B类油盆火灾试验．研制了一种新型两级雾化高压细水雾喷头并测量了其喷雾参数．介绍了灭火实验室的布局和试验步骤．考虑到油盆径向偏移距离、火焰规模、喷头高度、油火遮挡条件以及喷雾压力等因素对灭火效果的影响，共进行了17次灭火试验．测量了灭火过程的温度场变化并进行对比分析．结果表明，对灭火效果有重要影响的因素是火焰被遮挡的条件、喷雾压力和火焰规模．对于设计喷头，推荐使用10～12MPa喷雾压力，该喷头扑灭2B以上规模火焰较容易，扑灭1B以下火焰较困难．在细水雾扑灭油盆火灾的过程中，水雾气化和窒息起主要作用．

A series of Class-B pool fire suppression tests were carried out to find out the effect of water mist fire suppression in different conditions. A novel water mist spray-head was developed and its spray characters were measured. The layout of fire test enclosure and the test procedure were introduced. Seventeen fire tests were done to investigate the influencing factors on fire suppression effect, such as the radial distance of pool fire to spray-head, fire power, spray-head height, fire shield and spray pressure. The temperature fields of the processes of fire tests were measured and contrasted. Experimental results show that the shield condition of fire, spray pressure and fire power have important effects on water mist fire suppression. For this spray-head, 10 12 MPa spray pressure is recommended. 2B and higher-power fires are easy to be put out, but 1B and smaller-power fires are difficult to be distingushed by using this spray-head. Gasification and suffocation of water mist play critical roles in the process of pool fire suppression by water mist.