健康促进对职业危害控制效果的研究

Effects of health promotion on the control of occupational hazards

目的应用健康促进手段对职业健康危害因素进行干预,为今后有效地开展职业健康促进提供科学依据。方法选择某公司中接触健康有害因素的现场作业人员,对其实施综合性健康促进干预,对比干预前、后目标人群的职业卫生知识、认知情况,作业环境和职工健康状况的改善情况。结果干预后,作业者职业卫生知识知晓率由干预前的51.91%提高到了81.45%,但对岗位职业危害的认知情况仍然不高;作业环境的几种主要指标的达标率均接近90%;除听力损失外,反映健康状况的其他指标的达标率也绝大多数超过了97%。结论综合性的职业健康促进干预措施能够有效地控制作业环境中存在的职业健康危害因素,职业性紧张和岗位危害的防护应成为今后优先考虑的问题。

Objective To evaluate the effects of intervention with health promotion on occupational hazardous factors to provide scientific evidence for effective development of occupational health promotion in the future.Methods An integrated intervention of health promotion was implemented in the employees who exposed to hazardous factors and managerial staff at an enterprise.Awareness of occupational health knowledge,cognition of occupational hazards in their workplace,working environment,and employees' health status were compared before and after intervention,including measurements of air concentrations of some hazardous factors in workplace.Results Awareness of occupational knowledge increased to 81.45 percent after intervention from 51.95 percent before it.Cognition of occupational hazards in their workplace was still un-sufficient in the employees after intervention.Nearly 90 percent of several hygienic indicators of the working environment were up to the national standards after intervention.More than 90 percent of other health indicators were up to the national standards,except for an indicator for hearing loss.Conclusions Integrated intervention with occupational health promotion can effectively control occupational hazardous factors in workplace.Occupational stress and protection from occupational hazardous factors should be prioritized in the future.