建设覆盖城乡居民的基本卫生保健制度的内涵和条件

The Contents and Pre-condition of Basic Health Care System Covered Both Urban and Rural in China

通过对基本卫生保健制度的性质、内涵和条件介绍及对国内、国际有关基本卫生保健制度的定义收集,揭示出每一国民都有权利获得基本的医疗保障和卫生保健的服务,城乡的居民都应该享受到“基本卫生服务包”。然而,我国迄今尚未建立起一个真正的、覆盖城乡居民的、基本的卫生保健制度。通过对未来社会医疗保障、新型农村合作医疗与城市社区卫生服务发展方向的讨论,为增加政府的投资和公共财政支出计划建议如下:到2010年,卫生总费用支出应达到6%GDP,个人支出占卫生总费用的比例应减少至40%以下,政府预算卫生支出应占财政支出的6%～8%,新增比例至少要达到GDP的1%～2%。

The paper introduces the characteristics, contents and pre-condition of basic health care system. The definition of basic health care system has been discussed based on domestic and international documents. Chinese citizen has the right to obtain the basic health security and health services in order to have essential package of basic health service, but, China has not established a real and basic health care system covered all urban and rural residents. The paper discusses the future direction of social health security system, new rural cooperative medical system and urban community health system, to increase government investment and public financial expenditure, the author suggests the following indicators： The share of total health expenditure in gross domestic products increases to 6% GDP, the proportion of individual expenditure declines to less than 40% and the public spending in health should be reached to 6%-8% financial expenditure, at least, the incremental proportion is up to 1%-2% GDP.