尿α_1-微球蛋白和β_2-微球蛋白测定对汞作业者肾脏损害的早期诊断价值

Significance of Determination of Urinary α_1-microglobulin and β_2-microglobulin for Early Diagnosis of Renal Damage in Mercury Workers

目的探讨尿α1-微球蛋白和β2-微球蛋白测定对汞作业者肾脏损害的早期诊断价值。方法85名汞作业者分为汞接触正常组、汞接触超标组,并以无汞接触史的65名健康成人作为对照组。分别进行临床体检并测定尿汞(UHg)、血肌酐(BCr)、尿肌酐(UCr)、血尿素氮(BUn)、尿α1-微球蛋白(α1-MG)和尿β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG),排除肾病史和患有肾脏疾病患者后对结果进行分析。结果汞作业者UHg为0.0145mg/L、α1-MG为0.48mg/mmolCr、β2-MG为5.48μg/mmolCr,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,BCr、UCr、BUn汞作业者与对照组差异无统计学意义。结论长期汞接触可造成肾功能损害,尿β2-MG和α1-MG可作为汞作业工人肾脏损害的早期敏感的诊断指标。

Objective To study the significance of determination of urinary α1-micrOglObulin and β2-microglobulin for early diagnosis of renal damage in mercury workers . Methods Eighty - five mercury workers were divided into 2 experimental groups： one with value and another with the urinary mercury level lower than the urinary mercury level higher than the normal the normal value. Sixty-five healthy adults without mercury exposure history were assigned to the control group. All the subjects had no renal disease history and did not suffer from renal diseases at that time. The results from the physical examinations and the measurements of UHg, BCr, UCr, BUN, urinary α1-microglobulin （α1-MG） and β2-microglobulin（β2-MG） in all the groups were analyzed Results The levels of UHg, urinary α1--microglobuhn and β2-microglobulin were significantly higher in the experimental groups than in the control group, however, the levels of BCr, UCr and BUN had no statistical difference between the experimental groups and the control group. Conclusion Exposure to mercury for a long time can cause renal damage. The level of urinary α1-microglobulin and β2-microglobulin can be used as sensitive indicators for detecting early renal damage caused by mercury.