渭河下游输沙用水量研究

Study on sediment-carrying water volume in the lower Weihe River

从多沙河流水资源合理配置和高效利用角度出发,研究确定适宜的输沙用水量是非常重要的。本文在对大量实测资料分析的基础上,研究提出了影响输沙用水量的主要因素,然后根据一维恒定流非饱和输沙方程和渭河下游的来水来沙特点和冲淤规律,建立了渭河下游汛期输沙用水量计算公式。公式的突出特点,一是充分反映了来水来沙和冲淤水平对输沙用水量的影响,二是充分考虑了河道边界条件(以平滩流量表示)的影响。采用该计算公式,得出了不同来沙量和冲淤水平及不同河道边界条件下渭河下游汛期的输沙用水量。研究成果已应用到引江济渭入黄方案研究和黄河流域(片)水资源综合利用规划中。

From the view point of rational and efficient allocation of water resources, it is very important to study the sediment-carrying water volume in hyperconcentration rivers. Based on the field data and the non-equilibrium sediment-transport theory, a formula to calculate the sediment-carrying water volume in the lower Weihe River is proposed. The outstanding characteristics of the formula is that both the incoming flow and sediment condition as well as the channel bounday condition are sufficiently considered. The sediment-carrying water volume in the lower Weihe River is obtained by the formula under different incoming sediment amount, different scouring or silting quantity, and different river boundary condition. The research results have been used in the water diversion project from the Yangtze River to the Weihe River and the comprehensive planning of water resources utilization of the Yellow River.