兰花育种研究现状及进展

Current status and advances in orchids breeding research

兰花是珍贵的观赏花卉,开展兰花育种研究具有重要的意义。文章主要就兰花资源概况、资源保护繁育以及杂交育种、组织培养、分子标记和基因工程在育种上的应用作了扼要综述,表明,种质资源是兰花育种的基础,需加以保护;种间及属间的远缘杂交仍是兰花育种的主要手段;组织培养、分子标记及基因工程技术可加快育种进程。目前仍需加强野生兰花资源的收集、保存和创新利用工作,为兰花育种奠定良好的基础。

The orchid is a rare ornamental flower and it is of important significance to study the breeding of orchid. In the paper, the general situation, protection and breeding of orchid resources were summarized as well as the application of crossbreeding, tissue culture, molecular marker and genetic engineering on the orchid breeding. It pointed out that the germplasm resources of orchid are the basis of breeding, and need to be protected. The distant hybridization of inter-genera and inter-genera is still the main way of breeding. Breeding process could be accelerated by using tissue culture, molecule-maker and genetic engineering. At present, collection, conversation and innovating utilization of orchid resources should be strengthened to provide the favorable basis for orchid breeding.