异形螺杆加工过程三维动态仿真技术研究

Research on 3D dynamic simulation technology of machining process for special shape screw pole

为了避免或减少试切法在实际加工过程中造成的大量人力和物力的浪费,利用三角形图元造型实现了数控机床加工异形螺旋杆的仿真过程,提出了基于定义高度缓冲区的工件表示方法和简化模型,以此为基础建立了刀具与工件曲线的求交算法,以最小有向距离原理为依据提出了仿真加工过程中的干涉判定算法,分析和实验证明了上述两种算法具有良好的时间和空间复杂性.最后,利用C++和OpenGL实现了具有干涉判定功能的三维仿真系统.该系统不仅实现了较快的仿真加工速度,而且其图形具有相当强的真实感,它使整个复杂的螺杆加工过程从参数输入、刀具选择、干涉判定、插补计算、三维仿真到数控程序生成和控制加工完善地结合起来.

In order to avoid or reduce the large waste of manpower and material resources in the practical test-machining process, a simulation for the manufacture process of special shape screw pole using CNC machine has been realized by means of triangle model. By defining a height buffer area, a new method to express special shape screw pole in PC and a simplified model are proposed, and then a new algorithm to calculate the intersection between work pieces and milling cutter are argued. An algorithm to judge interference in the simulating process is also described according to minimal orientation-distance principle. Both algorithms have proved to be superior in time complexity and space complexity through analysis and experiment. Finally, by use of C ＋ ＋ and OpenGL, a three-dimension simulation system is developed, which is capable of judging interference and outstanding in running speed and graphics reality sense. And all processes such as parameters input, selection of milling cutter, interference judgment, interpolation computing, three dimension simulation and numeral code have been integrated.