短跑支撑阶段重心水平速度的运动生物力学分析

Biomechanical analysis on the mass-center horizontal speed during the supporting phase in sprint

对10名一级左右男子短跑运动员途中跑支撑阶段重心水平速度进行运动生物力学分析,结果显示:(1)支撑阶段支撑腿膝关节最小角出现在垂直支撑以后;重心水平速度在着地后逐渐下降,在垂直阶段之前达到最小,而后逐渐增大;(2)髋关节的运动学指标在很大程度上反映运动员的短跑水平,髋关节的力量与柔韧性很大程度上决定运动员的竞技能力;(3)支撑腿支撑阶段踝关节的运动学参数应成为评定运动员短跑技术好坏的一项重要指标,过分追求小腿的回摆速度是不对的。

The paper is about the biomechanical analysis on 10 first-rate male athletes＇ mass-center horizontal speed during the supporting phase in sprint.The study revealed that：（1） the smallest knee angle of the supportind leg was behind the perpendicular supporting;After landing,the body speed was decreasing and before the perpendicular supporting got lowest,and then increased gradually;（2） the kinematics parameters of the hip reflected the sprinting level of the athletes in a big extent,the strength and the stretch of the hip detemined the sport ability of the athletes a big extent;（3）the parameters of the supporting ankle during the supporting should be an important quota to evaluate the athlete＇ sprint technigue the excessive pursue of the shunk high speed return swing was not right.