农民工权益保障存在的问题与对策探析

Difficulties in Guaranteeing Rights of Rural Labors and Corresponding Solutions

农民工的合法权益难以保障,权益受损难以救济,主要表现在民主政治权利、平等就业、工作休息、经济报酬、安全保护、保险保障、职业培训等方面。农民工权益难以保障的原因,主要是社会历史的惯性及城乡分治的二元社会结构的影响。农民工权益保障受损表层的原因是户籍制度的缺陷,深层的原因和最大的难点是社会保障制度的供给不足和城乡差异。保障农民工的基本权益,要创新制度,建立平等的就业环境,改革户籍制度,统筹社会保障,修改劳动立法,建立正式和非正式组织,创新纠纷解决机制,培育中介组织。

Difficulties in guaranteeing legitimate rights of rural labors and compensating for their loss met in various fields such as political life, employment, work leisure, remuneration, security, insurance and career training. Main reasons include historical inertia and dual social structure. Defects in HUKOU system are direct reasons, with insufficient supply of social security and great gap between urban and countryside constitute underlying reasons. To guarantee fundamental fights of rural labors, the following measures are suggested being adopted： to innovate in systems, create an environment for equal employment, reform the HOKOU system, make overall arrangement for social security, amend labor laws, establish official or non-official institutions, innovate in dispute settlement system, and cultivate intermediary agencies.