我国大陆沿海海鱼感染异尖线虫调查数据统计分析

Survey of Anisakis in seawater fish in coast areas of China and data analysis

目的了解我国海鱼异尖线虫调查情况及该类线虫感染海鱼的情况。方法收集已公开发表的国内所有海鱼异尖线虫专项调查报告,建立EXCEL数据库,整理统计报告提供的数据。结果发现20多年来共有14次海鱼异尖线虫专项调查,调查剖检200余种4000余尾海鱼类,其中鱼种名称及剖检数据明确者177种3951尾;鱼种感染率为85.31%(151/177),海鱼类总的感染率为47.10%(1861/3951);海鲈鱼等常作鱼生食用的鱼种也感染异尖线虫;总计调查解剖量≥50尾的仅19种鱼,11～49尾者54种,≤10尾者达104种;发现异尖线虫9属,其中4属(异尖线虫属、对盲囊线虫属、占线虫属及鲔蛔线虫属)为国外证实的人体致病虫种。结论结我国海鱼普遍感染异尖线虫,国人异尖线虫人体感染难以避免,应进一步加大海鱼异尖线虫调查研究力度,并尽早采取相应的防制措施。

Objective To understand the infection status of Anisakis in marine fish. Methods All published papers concerning Anisakis infection in marine fish were collected and analyzed by EXECEL database. Results In the past 20 yearsthere were 14 papers on Anisakis infection and totally 4 000 fish belonging to 200 species were dissected. There 3 951 fish of 177 species were given definite names, 85.31 % （151/177） of the species of marine fish were infected and the total infection rate of marine fish was 47.10% （861/3951）. and the sea bass the main fishes for preparing Sashimi was also infected. There 9 genus of Anisakis were identified in China including beGenus of Anisakis, Contracaecum, Terranova and Thynnascaris that were causative agents of human anisakiasis confirmed in other countries. Conclusion The marine fish is generally infected with Anisakis in China and There is the risk of human infection with anisakiasis. Thus effectvie measues be taken to the infection of Anisami to human.