真空烧结制备氧化镍及其超级电容器特性的研究

Preparation of NiO Using Vacuum Treating and Investigation into the Characteristics of Super-Capacitor

以硝酸镍为原料,采用溶胶一凝胶法制备氢氧化镍,用真空烧结炉在9.5×10^-3-1.5×10^-2Pa且升温速度3℃/min条件下,于不同温度下对氢氧化镍热处理后得到氧化镍,与活性炭电极组成非对称超级电容器后,分别以不同的电流密度对超级电容器充放电测试,比较样品在200 mA/g充放电测试时的值。结果表明：在300℃真空处理所得氧化镍具有最高比电容值,达到361.92 F/g。对比研究真空烧结炉和管式电阻炉两种工艺下对电容器比电容量的影响,表明Ni（OH）2经真空烧结炉处理所得NiO的比电容均高于采用管式电阻炉处理所得NiO的比电容。因而采用真空烧结炉制备NiO是一种提高比电容的有效手段。

Ni(NO3)2 was used as material to prepare Ni(OH)2 by Sol-Gel method.Under the condition of 9.5×10-3～1.5×10-2 Pa,the Ni(OH)2 was dealt in different temperatures with vacuum sintering oven to get NiO,which was used to form unsymmetrical super-capacitor with AC.The unsymmetrical super-capacitor in charging and discharging processing with the different current densities was tested.Comparison between charging and discharging value at 200 mA/g for all the samples was conducted.The results gained show that vacuum-treating at 300 ℃ will get the highest specific capacitance,which reached to 361.92 F/g.The contrasting research on the influence of the two techniques on the specific capacitance in condensers indicates that NiO prepared using Ni(OH)2 by vacuum-treating process will have higher specific capacitance than those treated with tube-type resistor-oven.So,adopting the vacuum-treating to prepare NiO is an effective way to improve the electric capacity.