利用耳石日轮技术研究长江中游草鱼幼鱼的孵化期及生长

STUDY ON THE HATCH DATE AND GROWTH OF JUVENILE GRASS CARP FROM MIDDLE REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER USING DAILY INCREMENT TECHNOLOGY

根据耳石日轮对2004年采自洞庭湖和新滩口江段的草鱼幼鱼进行日龄(D)鉴定,孵化时间推算以及生长的研究。草鱼幼鱼所有样品体长(BL,mm)生长方程为BL=-53.4195+3.1650D,体重(W,g)生长方程为W=0.9816 e0.0633D,体长体重相关方程为W=0.00001BL3.1003。孵化时间最早为5月14日,最晚为7月11日,主要集中在5月下旬和6月份。研究发现三峡大坝在139m水位运行后长江中游仍有草鱼产卵,最早繁殖时间稍晚于历史记录。

Grass carp （Ctenopharyngodon idellus） is an important commercial fish species with great catches in China, Main stem of the Yangtze River is main reproduction ground of grass carp. Grass carp spends much of its time feeding in lakes where food is abundant and water is quiet. During spring, when the water levels rise, the adult fish migrate into the rivers to spawn. In June 2003, Three Gorges Reservoir began water storage and the water level reached 135 meters, then up to 139 meters in November. It is worthy to be studied that whether the water storage will affect the hydrological conditions and sequently spawning time of grass carp in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The daily ages （D） of juvenile grass carps collected from the Dongting Lake and Xintankou section of the Yangtze River in July and August 2004 were determined by observing the daily increment,and the hatch dates were estimated. The body length （BL,mm） growth equation of all samples was BL = -53.4195 ＋ 3.1650D, the weight （W, g） growth equation was W = 0.9816 e^0.0633D and the relationship between body length and body weight was W = 0.00001BL^3.1003. Estimated hatch dates primarily distributed between mid-May and early July. The earliest hatch date was 14-May, which was a little later than the records before the water storage of Three Gorges Reservoir. It was thought that the hydrological conditions on the middle reaches of the Yangtze River might be changed after the water storage and then had affected on the hatch date of grass carp, which should be proved in the further study.