广东省典型大中型供水水库和湖泊微囊藻毒素分布

DISTRIBUTION OF MICROCYTINS IN TYPICAL WATER SUPPLY RESERVOIRS AND LAKES IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE

为了解肝脏促癌剂微囊藻毒素(MCs)在广东省淡水水体中的污染情况,于2003年夏、秋、冬3个季节,采集了广东省12个典型供水水库和4个湖泊的水样;同时于2004年2—12月对7个水库和1个湖泊进行了每隔2个月的加密调查,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)和酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定了水体中微囊藻毒素(MCs)含量。结果显示广东省典型供水水库和淡水湖泊微囊藻毒素分布广泛,毒素组成以MC-RR为主,水库微囊藻毒素含量在未检出—0.919μg/L,2004年毒素含量比2003年有一定程度的上升。微囊藻毒素污染较为严重的水库为汤溪、鹤地、契爷石和深圳等水库,广州流花湖和肇庆星湖等城市景观湖泊中微囊藻毒素污染也较为严重。虽然本次调查的所有水样MCs含量均在世界卫生组织和我国饮用水卫生标准以下,但结果说明广东省饮用水源已在一定程度上遭受MCs的污染,需采取有效措施防止水质进一步恶化。

In order to study the pollution of potent liver cancer promoter, microcystins （ MCs）, in water supply reservoirs and some typical lakes in Guangdong province, water samples from 12 reservoirs and 4 lakes were collected in summer, autumn and winter in 2003, and in 7 reservoirs and 1 lake bi-monthly in 2004 to analyze MCs by the method of high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays （ELSIA）. The results showed that MCs distributed widely in freshwaters in Guangdong province, and were detected almost in all water bodies. MC-RR was the main type of MCs in freshwaters of Guangdong Province. Concentrations of MCs ranged from ND to 0.919μg/L in reservoir water samples, and high contents of MCs were observed in water samples from Tangxi reservoir, Hedi reservoir, Qiyeshi reservoir and Shenzhen reservoir. The city park lakes such as Liuhua Lake in Guangzhou city and Xihu Lake in Zhaoqing city were polluted by MCs as well, and the highest concentrations were 0. 640μg/L and 0.559μg/L, respectively. MCs concentrations increased a lot during 2004 survey compared to 2003 survey. The result suggested that the water supply reservoirs in Guangdong province have been contaminated by MCs to some extent, and efficient ways should be taken to prevent the further deterioration of water quality from water supply resource.