水温对虹鳟血液学指标影响的初步研究

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF WATER TEMPERATURE ON HEMATOLOGY INDICES OF RAINBOW TROUT

采用显微记数法和使用日立7170A全自动生化分析仪及贝克曼CX-3电解质分析仪,检测水温14℃、19℃和23℃时虹鳟血液红细胞数量和血清有机成分与无机微量元素的含量或活性。结果表明:水温14—23℃范围内,虹鳟红细胞数量随水温上升急剧减少;血清中谷丙转氨酶活性随水温上升而升高,谷草转氨酶活性随水温上升先升高后降低;血清中总蛋白、球蛋白含量随水温上升而增加,白蛋白、血糖和总胆固醇含量随水温上升先增加后减少,甘油三酯含量随水温上升而减少;血清中铜元素含量变化比率大,钾、磷、钙、镁、钠、氯、铁元素含量变化不显著。分析了虹鳟在温水环境中生化因子变化规律,为冷水性鱼类虹鳟温水驯化和基因工程技术提供可借鉴的技术资料。

At different water temperatures （ 14℃, 19 ℃ and 23 ℃ ）, mensurating the number of Red blood cell （RBC） of Rainbow Trout and the activities of Alanine Aaminotransferase （ALT） and the ASpartese Tranasaminasa （AST） of serum of Rainbow Trout and the content of Total Protein （TP）, Albumin （ALB）, Globulin （GLO）, Blood Sugar （BG）, Total Cholesterol （TC）, Triglyceride （TG） and abio-microelement of serum of Rainbow Trout by using micro-arithmometer and HITACHI 7170A （automatic biochemical analyzing apparatus） and BECKMAN CX-3 （electrolyte analyzing apparatus）. The results showed that in trial water temperature range （ 14--23 ℃ ）, the number of RBC of Rainbow Trout reduced rapidly with water temperature rising, while the activities of Alanine Aaminotransferase of serum of Rainbow Trout increased with water temperature rising, but the activities of ASpartese Tranasaminasa increased during the water temperature in 14--19℃ then declined during the water temperature in 19--23℃ ; the content of Total Protein and Globulin of serum increased with water temperature rising, and the content of Albumin, Blood Sugar and Total Cholesterol increased during the water temperature in 14--19 ℃ then reduced during the water temperature in 19--23℃, while the content of Triglyceride went down with water temperature rising; the content of Cu of serum of Rainbow Trout decreased a little during the water temperature in 14--19℃, but remarkably ascended during the water temperature in 19--23℃ compared with Bighead Carp, but the content of K, P, Ca, Mg, Na and Cl of serum had unremarkable change. This paper analyzed the change rule of the biochemical factor of Rainbow Trout at the condition of warm water, which could provide useful technical data for genic engineering of Rainbow Trout and Rainbow Trout breeding in warm water in southward region, and could provide breaching way for playing down the response of Rainbow Trout to warm water.