激光在组织工程生物材料表面修饰中的应用

Application of laser on surface modification of tissue engineering biomaterials

目的:介绍激光消蚀术、激光选择性烧结和激光干涉平板印刷在组织工程生物材料表面修饰应用的背景和基本原理,并总结激光表面修饰的工作条件和特点。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1993-01/2006-12关于激光修饰组织工程材料的文章。检索词"laserablation,biomaterial,sintering"并限定文章的语言种类为English。同时利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1994-01/2006-12的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“组织工程,激光”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准:关于3种激光表面修饰方法的应用和实验结果。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到符合上述要求的文献35篇,排除5篇重复性研究。30篇符合纳入标准:其中16篇关于激光消蚀术,8篇关于激光选择性烧结,6篇关于激光干涉平板印刷术。资料综合:与传统的化学方法和其他物理手段相比,激光表面修饰具有加工精度高、无污染和不改变材料力学性质的优越性,其中有代表性的3种方法为激光消融术、激光选择性烧结和激光干涉印刷术。结论:激光表面修饰的优点是无接触加工降低污染概率,通过计算机和精密机械装置进行操控,加工精度高、结果重复性好、操作灵活;不仅能用于高分子聚合物材料,还可以用于对生物金属材料的加工。

OBJECTIVE： The paper introduces the background and principle of laser ablation, selective laser sintering and laser interference lithography, and summarizes the work conditions and characteristics of laser modification. DATA SOURCES： The articles related to laser modification of tissue engineering materials between January 1993 and December 2006 were searched on computer in Medline database by imputing the key words ＂laser ablation, biomaterial, sintering＂ in English; Similarly, the relevant Chinese articles between January 1994 and December 2006 were searched in China Joumal Full-text Database, with the key words ＂tissue engineering, laser＂. STUDY SELECTION： All the literatures were selected primarily. The criteria for selection were the application and experiment of three laser modification methods. Exclusion criterion was repetitive researches. DATA EXTRACTION： There were 35 literatures in accordance with the criteria, 5 of them were excluded due to the repetition of the same research. Among the 30 selected literatures, 16 were about laser ablation, 8 were about selective sintering, and 6 were about laser interference lithography. DATA SYNTHESIS： Compared with traditional chemical method and other physical process, laser surface modification is superior owing to high processing precision, no solution and no effect on mechanics property of materials. The most commonly used method includes laser ablation, selective laser sintering and laser interference lithograph. CONCLUSION： The laser surface modification on biomaterial can leave less contamination on the material. The precision and reproducibility are good through the operation of computer and precise mechanical devices. Laser modification can be used on the processing of not only high molecular polymer but also the bio-metal.