拉斯普京作品中的乡土情结与民族意识

The Rural Complex and National Consciousness in Rasputin's Works

农村题材是俄罗斯传统派作家的中心题材,他们在创作中提出了人与土地、人与自然等问题,充满了有地域色彩的乡土情结。作为俄罗斯传统派作家的代表之一,瓦连京.拉斯普京在创作中一直注目于自己的故乡西伯利亚,这里不仅充满了他不竭的乡土恋情,更渗透着他从人性角度对乡土展开的理性思考。作家始终关注人与土地、人与自然的关系,通过对“回归原始大自然”和“回归原始人性”两个方面问题的考察,提出了“守护自然、追求自然”的呼唤,同时也表达了对人类道德堕落的批判及对传统文化价值观念的缅怀。这种蕴含于对俄罗斯土地的热爱之中的对生命之根的精神追寻,赋予了他的“农村散文”一种内在的历史厚重感,具有超越时代的意义。拉斯普京以对生活的严厉批判力图使人们感悟到现实的残酷,从而使人产生一种不安于现状的苦难意识,体现出作家为整个民族大业而忧的一片良苦用心。

The rural theme was once the central theme for Russian traditional writers, who raised the issues of the relations between people and land, and people and nature. Their works are full of regional color and rural complex. Valentin Rasputin is one of these writers. His works have focused on the Siberian village. These works are not only filled with his continuous rural love, but also his rational and humanistic reflection on the village. It can be seen that the writer has devoted his attention to the relationships between people and land, and people and nature; and has made a call for the protection and pursuit of nature through the exploration of the two issues of ＂back to nature＂ and ＂back to human nature＂. Meanwhile, he also has expressed his criticism of human moral degeneration and praises of traditional cultural values. This kind of spiritual pursuit of the origin of the life included in the love for Russian land injects into his ＂rural prose＂ a kind of internal historical profoundness and everlassting significance. Rasputin applies strict criticism to the human life, thus awakening people to the cruelty of the reality and generating their dissatisfaction with the current situations. Such efforts reflect the writer＇ s deep and heartfelt care for the development of the great nation.