大蒜素降血脂作用及其机理研究

Study on the Antihyperlipidemia Effect of Allicin and the Mechanism

目的:探讨大蒜素的降血脂作用及其机理。方法:将50只昆明种小鼠随机分成5组,对照组、高脂饲料组(模型组)、大蒜素小、中、大剂量+高脂饲料组。测定大蒜素对血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)以及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的影响。测定大蒜素对血清卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶(LCAT)、心肌脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)活性的影响以及体外对肝脏3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰CoA(HMG-CoA)还原酶活性的影响。离体胆固醇微胶粒形成实验。结果:大蒜素明显降低喂以高脂饲料小鼠血清TC,TG及LDL-C水平,提高HDL-C含量,且作用与大蒜素剂量呈正相关。大蒜素在不同程度上可升高血清LCAT,心LPL和HL的活性,并在一定程度上降低肝脏HMG-CoA还原酶活性。大蒜素体外实验可抑制胆固醇微胶粒的形成。结论:大蒜素有显著的降血脂效应,其机理一方面可能是促进了脂蛋白之间的代谢与转化,另外可能是因为抑制了肠道胆固醇的吸收、减少了肝脏胆固醇的合成、促进了血清和肝脏甘油三酯的分解。

Objective：To study the antihyperlipidemia effect of allicin and the mechanism. Methods：50 mice were divided into five groups： control group, hyperlipidmia, small, medium and large dose groups of allicin with hyperlipidemia, levels of TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C,lecithin cholesterol acyhransferase（LCAT）, lipoprotein lipase of heart （LPL）, hepatic lipase（HL）and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA （HMGCoA） reductase were measured. The experiment on particle of cholesterol in vitro was performed. Results ： Allicin has obvious effects of reducing the contents of TG, TC, LDL-C and increasing the content of HDL-C. Allicin can, to some extent, increase the activities of LCAT, LPL and HL, and decrease the activity of liver HMGCoA reductase in vitro. Allicin also can inhibit the particle of cholesterol in vitro. Conclusion： Allicin obviously decreased the blood lipids. The mechanisms of reducing blood lipids perhaps were to promote the metabolism and change of the lipoprotein, inhibit absorbing cholesterol and reduce cholesterol biosynthesis as well as enhance TG decomposition in the mice serum and liver.