丹江口水库垂向水温模型研究

Research on vertical water temperature model of Danjiangkou reservoir

丹江口水库是多年调节型水库,有明显的热分层现象,根据这一特点,充分考虑水面热交换、入流、出流、热扩散、热对流等影响因素,建立垂向一维水温数值模型。利用1970-1978年的水温多年平均值对模型进行验证,91%的数值计算的结果与实测结果的误差小于15%。根据已验证的水温数值模型对不同典型年的水温进行预测,数值结果很好地反应了水库的温度随时间的变化规律。结果表明,除气象条件外,水库的库容与出入水库的流量是影响水库水温的主要因素。

Danjiangkou reservoir is a multiannual storage one,possessing obvious thermal stratification phenomenon.In the light of this feature and considering water surface thermal exchange,inflow,outflow,thermal dispersion,thermal convection etc.influence factors,one dimensional vertical water temperature model is set up.Taking use of mean annual temperature from 1970 to 1978 to verify the model,the result is that errors of 91% computed data are lower than 15% of measured data.The prediction results to the water temperature in different typical years by the verified digital model satisfactorily reflect variation law.Besides climatic factor,the reservoir storage capacity and flows in and out the reservoir are main factors influencing water temperature.