2,4-D对玉米花粉诱导小麦单倍体得胚率的影响

Effects of 2,4-D on the embryogenesis rate of wheat haploid induced by maize pollen

采取加甜、超甜、黑糯、加州黄等4种玉米类型,对新疆农业大学小麦育种组选育的多个小麦雄性不育系和常规材料进行了远缘杂交.结果表明：75,100,150,200 mg/L的2,4-D处理均可获得较高的得胚率,其中以浓度150 mg/L的得胚率最高,为5.88%.在授粉后5~6 d进行150 mg/L浓度的2,4-D蘸穗,可较好地诱发出单倍体,其中以授粉后1 d蘸穗处理的单倍体产生频率最高,为5.38%.不同玉米类型授粉小麦得胚率表现为：甜玉米（授粉得胚率2.99%）〉糯玉米（授粉得胚率2.27%）〉普通玉米（授粉得胚率2.08%）.重复授粉蘸穗的得胚率（2.26%）明显高于1次授粉蘸穗的得胚率（0.81%）.

The distant hybridization was conducted between male sterile line and normal material with the inducement of four maize cultivars（Middle sweet, Super sweet, Black glutinous,Jiazhouhong）. The resuits ghowed that high embryogenesis rates were obtained under the treatments of 75 mg/L to 200mg/L 2, 4--D,the embryogenesis rate was the highest（5.88%） under the treatment of 150 mg/L 2,4-D. A lot of haploids were gained when they were immersed in 150 mg/L 2,4-D after pollination for 5 d to 6 d,the frequency of the haploids immersed in 2,4-D 1 d after pollination was highest（5.38%）. The embryogenesis rate differed with different types of maize pollination, the order was as follows, sweet maize（2.99%）〉glutinous maize（2.27%）〉normal maize（2.08%）. The embryogenesis rate of wheat with double pollination （2.26%）was higher than that of the single pollination（0.81%）.