南京地区中学生逃学行为及其与抑郁障碍的流行病学联系

Epidemiological Correlation between Playing Truant and Depression among Middle School Students of Nanjing

目的 了解南京地区中学生逃学行为的发生情况及其与抑郁障碍的流行病学联系。方法 采用横断面研究，研究对象为南京地区13个区县的56个学校的168个班级7161名在校的初一至高三的中学生。结果 该样本人群中逃学行为总的发生率为6．2％，逃学行为在性别、年龄和年级分布中差异有统计学意义。抑郁障碍现患率为14，8％，男性抑郁障碍的现患率（16．4％）显著高于女性人群（13．0％），但不存在显著的年龄、年级和城乡差异。经多因素Logistic回归模型对可能的混杂因素进行调整后，患有抑郁障碍发生有逃学经历的风险显著高于无抑郁障碍者（调整优势比为：OR=18．6，95％CI=1．39—2．48）。结论 抑郁障碍者可能是逃学行为的独立危险因素。逃学行为的发生、抑郁障碍已成为中学生人群中一个越来越重要的公共卫生问题，有关职责部门应制定有针对性的预防控制措施。

[ Objective] To investigate the prevalence of playing truant and its relationship with depression among the middle school students in Nanjing. [ Methods] Population -based cross sectional study was conducted on 7161 middle school students from 56 schools of Nanjing. [ Results] The overall rate of playing truant was 6.2% ; significant difference was found between different genders, ages and grades distribution; the overall prevalence of depression was 14.8%, which was significantly higher among male students （ 16.4% ） than in female students （ 13.0% ）, however, with no significant difference between ages, grades and areas; after the adjustment on complex factors by multivariate logistics regression model, students with depression were more likely to play truant than those without depression （ OR = 1.86, 95% ; CI = 1.39 - 2.48 ）. [ Conclusion] Depression might be an individual risk factor for playing truant among the students, which becomes a public hygienic problem ; effective preventive measures should be taken to control the situation.