直线加速度所致的猫弥漫性轴突损伤

Diffuse axonal injury of the cat induced by linear acceleration force

目的：为了解直线加速度在颅脑损伤特别是在弥漫性轴突损伤（ＤＡＩ）中的作用。方法：用一套撞击装置对２６只猫进行实验。结果：直线加速度可以导致几乎所有类型的颅脑损伤，包括颅骨骨折、蛛网膜下腔出血、硬膜下血肿、硬膜外血肿、脑挫伤、脑干损伤，特别是ＤＡＩ。ＤＡＩ的特征性改变－轴突回缩球在２４小时内死亡的动物脑标本中看不到，２４小时后可见到，７２小时则多而典型，７天时仍然存在。结论：凡能使脑的神经纤维受到广泛剪力和（或）张力的任何形式的外部作用均可产生ＤＡＩ。

Objective: To observe on linear acceleration force on the traumatic changes of the brain, especially on the evolution of the diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in cats. Methods: An impact device to deliver a linear acceleration force was used to set up head injured models in 26 cats. Results: The axonal retraction balls (ARB) were invisible within 24 hours after trauma, but often occurred 24 hours later. The ARB showed classic and a large amount after 72 hours, and still remained somewhat in 7 day. Conclusion: Any external force which could cause shear or tensile strain to the axons of the brain would DAI induce.