工艺参数对异厚度铝合金激光拼焊板残余应力场的影响

Effects of welding parameters on residual stress field of aluminum alloy laser welding plates of different thickness

采用小孔释放法检测异厚度铝合金激光拼焊后的残余应力场,分析残余应力产生的规律和原因,对比薄厚两板残余应力场的差异,分析激光功率、焊接速度、离焦量、添加粉末对残余应力场的影响。测量分析结果表明:异厚度铝合金激光拼焊残余应力场分布规律与普通熔焊方法相似,但分布区域较窄。对于不同的工艺参数,焊接功率越小、焊接速度越快、离焦量越大、不添加粉末时,残余应力场分布范围越窄。

The residual stress field of aluminum alloy laser welding plates of different thickness is measured with a hole-drilling technique.The disciplinarians and effects of different thickness on residual stress distributions were analyzed.The effects of laser power,welding speed,defocused distance and metal powder addition on residual stress distributions were analyzed.The results show that the distribution of residual stress field of different-thickness aluminum alloy laser welding plates is similar to that of traditional fusion welding processes,but the zones of distribution are narrower.As to the different welding parameters,lower power,faster welding speed,longer defocused distance and no metal powder result in a narrower zone of distribution.