不同膳食模式及添加大豆低聚糖对肠道短链脂肪酸的影响

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DIETARY PATTERN AND SOYBEAN OLIGSACCHARIDES SUPPLEMENTATION ON SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS IN INTESTINAL TRACT

目的:探讨不同膳食模式及添加大豆低聚糖对肠道内短链脂肪酸(short-chain fatty acids,SCFA)的数量和种类的影响。方法:选择12名20～25岁健康在校大学生,分三阶段给予三种不同膳食及服用大豆低聚糖,每一阶段第1w食用三种实验膳食(1.低动物性食物模式LAFD,2.动植物食物平衡模式BD,3.高动物性食物模式HAFD),第2w添加大豆低聚糖,第3w恢复原实验膳食,准备下一阶段试验。试验共进行9w,每周前后收集粪便,利用毛细管柱顶空气相色谱法测定粪便中的SCFA。结果:LAFD干预后SCFA总量增加,差异有显著意义(P<0.05),且以乙酸、丁酸增加为主。BD和HAFD干预后SCFA总量没有改变。在三种干预膳食基础上添加大豆低聚糖后,LAFD时SCFA总量变化不明显,BD和HAFD时SCFA总量均有显著增加(P<0.05),且BD时以乙酸、丙酸增加为主,HAFD时以丙酸、丁酸增加为主。结论:膳食中植物性食品或动物性食品对人体肠道内SCFA的含量、种类均有影响。大豆低聚糖添加在动植物平衡膳食模式和高动物性食物膳食模式下效果更好。

Objective：To evaluate the effect of different dietary pattern and soybean oligosaccharides supplementation on the amount and proportion of short-chain fatty acids （SCFA）. Method： Twelve healthy students aged 20 to 25 years old were selected in the medical college. The study included 3 periods. In every period the students accepted different dietary patterns in 1st week [1. low animal food diet （LAFD）,2. balanced food diet （BD）, 3. high animal food diet （HAFD）]. Soybean oligosaccharides （5g/d） were added to different diets in 2nd week. The diet in 1st week was recovered in 3rd week. The study lasted for 9 w. Feces were collected once a week and SCFA was measured by capillary gas chromatography. Results： The total SCFA in feces were increased after taking LAFD, more prominent in acetic acid and butyric acid （P〈0.05）, There was no change of SCFA in feces after taking BD or HAFD, After soybean oligosaccharides were added to BD or HAFD, the total SCFA in feces were increased, more prominent in acetic and propionic acid or propionic and butyric acid respectively （P〈0.05）, but the total SCFA were not changed when added to LAFD. Conclusion： The amount and type of SCFA in feces were related to the dietary patterns. The supplementation of soybean oligosaccharides had more obvious effect on balanced diet and high animal food diet than on low animal food diet.