2001～2005年阜阳市肾综合征出血热监测分析

Analysis of HFRS Surveillance in Fuyang city from 2001 to 2005

目的研究阜阳市肾综合征出（HFRS）血热流行特征和发病趋势,为防治工作提供依据。方法对2001-2005年的监测资料进行分析。结果2001-2005年全市各县（市、区）均有发病,发病率最高的为颍州区（1.35/10万）,发病率最低的为颍上县（0.54/10万）;年发病率平均为0.93/10万,2001年发病率最高为1.48/10万,2005年发病率最低为0.67/10万。冬季为发病高峰,高峰月份由12月份提前到11月份,11月份发病数占总数的17.33%;春季发病构成增加。各年龄组均有发病,最大年龄76岁,最小年龄3岁,26-60岁年龄组占69.80%,以农民为主,但发病呈逐年下降趋势,男多于女,为2.66：1。室内鼠密度年平均为4.70%,鼠种构成以小家鼠为主,占63.13%;野外鼠密度为3.96%,以黑线姬鼠为主,占72.86%;室内外鼠肺带毒率年平均分别为2.33%、5.81%,2005年室内外鼠肺带毒率分别为7.41%、7.41%。结论阜阳市肾综合征出血热发病率呈逐年下降趋势,2005年室内外鼠肺带毒率及野外鼠密度明显上升,需进一步加强人、鼠间疫情监测。

Objective To grasp epidemic characters and morbidity tendency about HFRS in Fuyang city and provide the basis for preventing and controlling HFRS. Methods Surveillance data on HFRS from 2001 to 2005 were analyzed. Results All counties of the city had HFRS eases from 2001 to 2005. The highest incidence rate was 1.35 per hundred thousands in Ying Zhou district, the lowest incidence rate was 0.54 per hundred thousands in Ying Shang county. The average incidence rate in the five years was 0.93 per hundred thousands. The incidence rate in 2001 was the highest, 1.48 per hundred thousands. The incidence rate in 2005 was lowest, 0.67 per hundred thousands. The incidence peak was in winter, the peak month moved from December to November. Number of the cases in November accounted for 17.33% of the total cases. The cases occurred in various age groups. The maximum age was 76 years old. The smallest age was 3 years old. Cases in the age group from 26 to 60 accounted for 69.80%. Most cases were farmers. The incidence showed a trend of decreasing. Male eases were more than female cases. The ratio was 2.66 ： 1. The average mouse density indoor was 4.70%. M. musculus was the predominant species, accounted for 63.13% ; The outdoor mouse density was 3.96%, A. agrarius was the predominant species, accounted for 72.86% ; The average carrier rate of the virus in indoor and outdoor mouse was 2. 33% and 5.81% respectively. The cartier rate in 2005 was 7.41% and 7.41% respectively. Conclusions The HFRS incidence in Fuyang has been decreasing year by year. The average carrier rate of the virus in 2005 increased obviously. We must strengthen surveillance on epidemic situation from the human groups and the mouse groups.