关学宗师张载的教育思想

Educational theory of Zhang Zai

关学宗师张载不仅是宋明理学的奠基人之一,也是北宋时期著名的教育家。他在教育作用方面提出“敦本善俗”、“变化气质”的思想;在教育目的方面提出“立人之性“、“求为贤人”,最终达到“学为圣人”的思想;在早期教育方面提出了“养正于蒙”的思想;在道德教育方面提出“为天地立心,为生民立道,为去圣继绝学,为万世开太平”的思想;此外张载还提出了德智相统一的教育思想。当今研究他的教育思想仍然具有重要的现实意义。

Zhang Zai is not only one of the founders of the Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and the Ming Dynasties, but also an educationalist who always seeks for truth. His idea on the function of the education is that education should be aimed at instructing people to return to good side of human nature and wipe out the bad side of if. He thinks that the purpose of education is to show people the way to be noble-minded and well-behaved and to teach people to follow the doctrines. As to the early education, he insists that the right way of education should be started in the early period of one＇s childhood. His ideas in moral-teaching are to learn about the rules of the universe, to show the meaning of life, to advocate the valuable ideas of the masters and to search for a good way to ensure the stability and security of the nation. He also attaches much importance to the equal emphasis on morality and intelligence in education. It is of great importance to make a research on his educational ideas in modern society.