太阳日冕物质抛射与太阳日面活动及活动周的关系

Relations Between Coronal Mass Ejection and Solar Activity as Well as Its Active Cycle

日冕物质抛射是近二十年来太阳物理研究中一个较为活跃的课题，本文系统地阐述了这一领域研究意义、内容、方式及所取得的成果、并通过第五、六两章的分析对ＣＭＥｓ与耀斑及活动周的关系作了更进一步的研究，得到如下结果：（１）ＣＭＥｓ与Ｈα耀斑之间没有直接的因果关系，但二者在某些情况下可能发生相互作用。（２）与ＣＭＥｓ相关的其它活动的能量，可能与ＣＭＥｓ速度有关。ＣＭＥｓ的速度分布显示出与越快速的抛射相关的活动能量也提高。（３）与ＣＭＥｓ相关的活动类型随太阳活动周变化，太阳活动峰年与抛射相关的活动多为耀斑等较高能的活动，而低年则主要是爆发日珥一类的较低能活动。在第七章中，利用１９８９年２月观测的一组具体事件作为较详细的研究，发现了ＣＭＥｓ在太阳经度上的分布不均匀，存在三个抛射密集的经度带；研究了抛射的不同结构位形与相关的活动的关系，而且在分析相关活动的特点时，发现耀斑和活动日珥两种日面活动与抛射均有两种相关方式，一种是发生在ＣＭＥｓ之前的活动，它们可能会诱发日冕物质抛射，另一种则是抛射开始之后由抛射引起的活动，它们与前一类活动从活动类型到相对于抛射的位置都有区别。最后，通过对ＣＭＥｓ源研究的分析，提出冕流作为抛射源的可能?

Coronal mass ejecton (CME)has been an active topic in solar physics since 1970s. The following aspects of the CME study are given systematically in this thesis: importance, contents, method and results obtained. The relations between the CME and flare as well as its active cycle are further studied. The results of the study are given as follows: 1) there is no positive relation directly between the CMEs and solar flares, but both of them may be in interaction under some conditions; 2) Energy related to the CME in other activity may bear a relation to velocity of the CME. It is shown from the velocity distribution of the CME that the faster ejective mass moves, the higher the energy associated to the activity is; 3) The active type related to the CME is change with the solar active cycle, these activities related with mass ejection are mainly solar flares that give higher energy during the solar maximum years, but in the solar minimum years the activities are eruptive prominences in which lower energy is released. Some CME events observed in February 1989 are studied in detail. It is found from the study that distribution of CMEs in longitude is inhomogeneous, and there are three longitude zones where the mass ejections concentrate in. We also research on the relation between structure pattern of CMEs and the related activities, and it is found that there are two models for the activities of flare and active prominence on the disk and the CMEs: for one model, the activity happens before the CME, it may be responsible for the CME; for another model, the activity takes place after the CME and perhaps it is caused by the CME. They are different in active type and appeared position related to the CME. A point of view of taking coronal current as a source of CME is proposed at last based on a research of CME source and a preliminary discussion for the present model of CMEs is given as well.