开采引起的建筑物附加应力变化规律研究

Study of Additional Stress Change Laws of Buildings Caused by Mining

采用采动区建筑物地基、基础和结构协同作用力学模型,系统研究了建筑物位于采动区不同位置时附加应力(弯矩、剪力、水平应力等)的分布变化规律,分析了建筑物刚度、地基系数、开采厚度、建筑物高度等各种因素对建筑物最大附加应力的影响,获得了计算条件下最大附加应力与各影响因素之间的关系式.结果表明:当建筑物位于最大正、负曲率点附近时,建筑物附加应力最大;建筑物附加弯矩分布为近似对称的凸或凹形曲线,在建筑物中部最大;建筑物附加剪力分布为近似的反对称曲线,在距建筑物左右两端1/5处最大.研究成果为今后采动区建筑物保护设计提供了更加科学的依据.

By adopting coordinating action mechanic model of ground, foundation and structure of buildings in mining area, the distribution and change laws of additional stress （bending mo- ment, shearing force and horizontal stress） of buildings in different positions in mining area were studied. The effects of different factors such as building stiffness, ground coefficient, mining thickness and building height on buildings ~ maximum additional stress were analyzed. The relationship formula between maximum additional stress and respective affecting factors in the condition of calculation was achieved. ;The research results indicate that the additional stress is maximum when buildings are located around the maximum positive and negative curvature points; the distribution of buildings＇ additional bending moment is approximate to convex or concave and becomes maximum in the middle of buildings; the distribution of buildings＇ additional shearing force is approximate to contrary symmetry curve and reaches maximum in the 1/5 building length away from left and right ends of buildings. The findings provide more scien- tific evidence for future protection design of buildings in mining areas.