经今古文学之争的解释学解读

Deciphering of the Relationship Between the New Text School and the Ancient Text School In the View of Hermeneutics

从表面看来,两汉经今古文学之争是对"经"的解释权之争,实际上这场争斗反映了两种不同的解释学观念的交锋。在解释学视域下对经今古文学之争进行观照,有助于我们把握中国古代解释学思想发展和变化的整体脉络。经今文学与经古文学在解释学思想上的对立主要表现为对"五经"是作"经学"的解读还是作"史学"的解读。这种对立体现了在经典解释实践中的"彻底的非连续性和深刻的变化",亦即所谓"认识论断裂"。"认识论断裂"是普遍存在的解释学现象,它是解释活动中不可分割的有机成分。经古文学派的出现就证明了这种理解和解释活动中经常发生的断裂。随着经今文学派在汉初取得了统治地位,今文学家垄断了对"五经"的解释权。由于历代的解说陈陈相因,"学者罢老且不能究其一艺"。经今文学确实到了面临崩溃的地步。这时,经古文学派应运而生。它并不是对经今文学派的继承和发展,而是取代了"旧逻辑的位置",体现了在经典解释上的"彻底的非连续性和深刻的变化"。这种解释学意义上的断裂恰恰是经学历史——这是一个解释学历史——的重要成分,每一个"断裂"都构成了对"五经"所进行的解释活动中的重大事件。

The contention between the New Text School（经今文学） and the Ancient Text School （经古文学）in the Former and the Later Han Dynasty is essentially the one on two different interpretation ideas. The enquiry on the relationship between these two School in the view of hermeneutics can contribute to the understanding of Chinese classical hermeneutic ideas. These two School hold their different ideas： the New Text School insists on its ontological stance and takes the ＂Wujing＂ （五经） as the ＂ Scriptures＂ ; the Ancient Text School takes them as historical works instead, The contention shows actually the so - called ＂epistemological break＂ o The Ancient Text School means the ＂rupture＂ -the part of the practices of understanding and interpretation - with the New Text School.