宁夏平原天然状态下作物水分亏缺研究

The Water Deficient of Crop under Natural Regulation in Ningxia Plain

本文以宁夏平原为案例,对天然状态下的农田水分平衡状况进行了深入的定量研究,采用长系列(1961～2001年)、短时段(月)和多种作物类型(8种)相匹配的操作方法,建立农田水量平衡模型,计算得到了宁夏平原各个县域单元、各种作物、逐年、逐月的有效降水、盈水量、亏水量值。结果表明:自然降水不能满足作物生长发育的需求,水分亏缺是宁夏平原天然状态下农田水分平衡的主要特征;不同作物水分亏缺程度差异较大;宁夏平原未来农业发展必须推行"以水定产"战略。

Ningxia Plain lies in droughty area and facing crisis of water lack, this paper study the field water balance under natural regulation named field water balance using field water resource balance equation, the research estimated monthly field water balance of 8 major crops for all of thel2 counties in Ningxia Plain for a period of 1960-2001. Results show that precipitation can not meet water demand of the crops for growth and development in Ningxia Plain, and water deficient is the primary character of field water balance under natural regulation, and diversity of water deficient of different crop is distinct very much,. In order to realize sustainable development, the area should carry out the stratagem of ＂Deciding production by water＂ adjusting agriculture structure and production, at the same time the area should improve water use efficiency.