比较文学危机及出路之我见

Personal Perspective on Comparative Literature Crisis and Its Way Out

曾经在欧美和中国盛极一时的比较文学学科,近年已呈危机四伏、日暮途穷之势。其实,自从“美国学派”的“跨学科比较研究”越出了“法国学派”的“跨国别(民族)文学间的影响研究”之后,作为一门学科的比较文学就已经开始失掉自己的根基而误入歧途。“失根”后的比较文学不断“扩张”,最终成为了“无边”的比较文学,而“无边”的比较文学研究真实地昭示出的是比较文学的“无根”状态。要让比较文学学科走出危机与困境,重塑比较文学研究的尊严与形象,出路或许只有一条:回归并超越“法国学派”,在扎扎实实做好“国际文学关系史”研究的基础上寻求成果的提升。

Comparative literature discipline, prevailing once in European and American counties as well in China, is in recent years crisis-ridden and approaches the end of its days. Actually, when its ＂A- merican School＂ deviates from ＂French School＂ by replacing the latter＇ s ＂transnational literary influence study＂ with ＂inter-discipline comparative study＂, it loses its foundation as a discipline, wanders astray, constantly expands and finally becomes ＂boundless＂, while its ＂boundless＂ study makes clear its ＂root- lessness＂. There is perhaps only one way out for its release from the crisis and predicament and remould of dignity and image： to return to and transcend “French School” and pursue enhancement on the basis of a sound study of “international literary relation history”.