240例肿瘤患者医院感染的临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Nosocomial Infection in 240 Tumor Cases

[目的]探讨肿瘤患者医院感染的临床特点,加强对医院感染的高危科室的动态监测,预防和控制医院感染的发生。[方法]对我院2006年间收治的6 347例肿瘤患者进行临床资料分析。[结果]6 347例肿瘤患者中有240例发生医院感染,感染率为3.78%;发生医院感染的高危科室依次为化疗科、放疗科和综合科,感染部位主要是呼吸道,医院感染的主要致病菌依次为真菌、G-菌和G+菌;抗肿瘤治疗及侵入性诊疗技术操作是肿瘤患者发生医院感染的高危因素,医院感染可导致住院时间延长。[结论]肿瘤患者免疫功能低下及抗肿瘤治疗使机体生理屏障受损,导致医院感染高度易感。

[Objective]To investigate the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection among tumor in-patients so as to strength- en dynamic monitoring in high risk wards, thus preventing and oontroling the occurrence of nosocomial infection. [Methods]Analyses were conducted for the clinical data from 6,347 tumor cases treated in our hospital during 2006. [Results]Of the 6,347 tumor cases, 240 were victims of nosocomial infection, with the infection rate being 3.78 %. The chemotherapy ward was at the top of the high risk wards list, followed by the radiotherapy ward and the general ward. Respiratory canal was the major affected area. Ranking over Gram-negative bacterium and Gram-positlve bacterium, eumycete was the most common pathogen for nosocomial infection. For tu- mor patients, anti-tumor treatment and invasive procedure were the high risk factors for nosocomial infection. It was also found that nosocomial infection prolonged hospitalization. [Conclusion] Decline in immune function and damage of physiologic barrier caused by anti-tumor treatment may lead to high susceptibility to nosocomial infection in tumor patients.