水稻显性紫色基因的遗传分析

Genetic analysis of paddy rice dominant purple gene

紫色稻与“８４１５”、显性矮秆、Ａ６７、高粱稻及ＨＤＡＲ００１杂交后代的遗传分析表明，紫色性状在５个杂交Ｆ１代均表现不同程度的显性，且ＨＤＡＲ００１（♀）×紫色稻（♂）Ｆ１代出现０～４０％的绿苗，经去雄结实和胚胎学观察发现低频率的早发胚类型；Ｆ２代苗期与抽穗期叶片紫绿分离比例明显不同，说明紫色性状的表现具有一定的阶段发育特点；Ｆ２代抽穗期叶片紫色基因的遗传服从９（紫）∶７（绿）的两对互补基因的分离模式，且Ｆ２代紫株出现频率及表现程度与Ｆ１代紫色基因显性度有关；在Ｆ２中还发现ＨＤＡＲ００１（♀）×紫色稻（♂）的茎节紫绿比为３（紫）∶１（绿），茎节和稃尖的颜色表现一一对应关系，而其他４个组合Ｆ２代紫稃尖与叶片紫色表现相一致。

The genetic analysis of the offsprings of the hybrids between purple paddy rice and 84 15, dominant dwarf rice,A67, sorghum rice, HDAR001 showed that, purple character showed to different degree dominances in five first filial generations, and offsprings derived from HDAR001 pollinated with purple paddy rice produced green plants with zero percent to forty percent. Through emasculation and embrolongical observation, we found low frequence precocious embryo; The ratio of purple leaf plants to green leaf plants in F 2 seedling stages obviously differed from that in F 2 heading stages, and therefore, purple character expressed progressively with different development stages; In F 2 heading stages, the inheritance of purple leaf genes responded to two complementary gene segregation model of the ratio of nine(purple) to seven(green), besides these, the frequence and degree of purple leaf plant presence were relevent to F 1 purple dominance degree; In the F 2 generations of cross between HDAR001 and purple paddy rice, the segregation ratio of stem nodes was three(purple) to one(green), stem node also exhibited the same color as glume tips did. However, in the F 2 generations of the rest four combinations, purple glume tips coincided with purple leaves.