中关村地区1984—2000年脑卒中死亡率和病死率的流行病学研究

The Epidemiologic Study of Fatality and Case Fatality Rate of Cerebral Apoplexy from 1984 to 2000 in Zhongguancun Area

目的探讨脑卒中的死亡率和病死率在中关村地区居民中的变动趋势和流行因素。方法按照WHO-MONICA方案进行脑卒中的监测、统计、分析。结果(1)1984—2000年中关村监测区脑卒中平均死亡率为36.82/10万,其中男性平均死亡率为41.37/10万,女性平均死亡率为32.40/10万。(2)女性脑卒中、亚型脑卒中死亡率均呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。(3)中关村地区人群脑卒中年平均病死率为12.58%,其中男性年平均病死率为10.94%,女性年平均病死率为15.44%。(4)女性总脑卒中、缺血性脑卒中病死率呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。(5)冬季为脑卒中死亡构成比最高季节,72小时内死亡构成比为60.19%,中关村地区死亡病例的住院率为83.50%。结论死亡率受发病率影响,寒冷等气象因素与脑卒中死亡率有关,医疗救治是降低脑卒中病死率最有效的措施。

OBJECTIVE Approach the epidemic factor and fluctuation of cerebral apoplexy fatality and CFR in Zhongguancun area, METHODS To monitor and analyze cerebral apoplexy with WHO-MONICA program. RESULTS （1） The average mortality of cerebral apoplexy is 36.82/0.1 million from 1984 to 2000 in Zhongguancun area, 41.37/0.1 million in male and 32.40/0,1 million in female. （2） The fatality of cerebral apoplexy and its subtypes is descent in female （P〈0.05）. （3） The annual mean CFR is 12.58%, 10,94% in male and 15.44% in female in Zhongguancun area. （4） The CFR of cerebral apoplexy and cerebral arterial thrombosis is descent in female （/9〈0.05）. （5） The highest PMI of cerebral apoplexy appears in winter, The PMI in 72 hours is 60.19%, the hospitalization rate of death case in Zhongguancun area is 83.50%. CONCLUSION The fatality is affected by incidence rate, the fatality of cerebral apoplexy relates to some meteorological factor such as cold, and medical treatment is the most effective way to lower the CFR of cerebral apoplexy.