土壤铜污染对5种草坪草生长指标的影响

Effects of soil copper contamination on the growth of five turf grasses

通过模拟土壤铜污染处理,对2种暖季型(狗牙根Cynodon dactylon、结缕草Zoysia matrella)和3种冷季型(高羊茅Festuca arundinacea、草地早熟禾Poa pratensis、多年生黑麦草Lolium perenne)草坪草种的生长指标进行了分析。结果表明:铜污染处理对狗牙根草坪的地上部分叶片生长量的影响不显著,对根系生长量和叶绿素含量的影响也明显小于结缕草;铜污染处理未引起冷季型草坪的叶绿素含量的下降,对高羊茅草坪的密度影响不显著,对叶片生长量的影响也明显小于草地早熟禾和多年生黑麦草,而草地早熟禾虽然叶片生长受到了严重的抑制,但根系生长未受到显著影响,也表现出了对土壤铜污染的一定的耐性。因此,铜污染土壤的植被恢复和绿化可以选用暖季型的狗牙根草种或者冷季型的高羊茅或草地早熟禾草种。

Two warm-season turfgrasses, including Bermuda grass （Cynodon dactylon） and zoysiagrass （Zoysia matrella）, and three cool-season turfgrasses, including tail rescue （Festuca arundinacea ）, Kentucky bluegrass （Poa pratensis） and perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne） were selected to study their growth responses under the simulated soil copper contamination conditions. The results showed that soil copper contamination did not significantly affect the leaf growth of Bermuda grass and its influence on root biomass and leaf chlorophyll content in Bermuda grass were also less than that in zoysiagrass. There was no significant decline of leaf chlorophyll content in all cool-season turfgrasses under soil copper contaminations. Soil copper contamination did not significantly affect the turf density of tall rescue and its influence on leaf growth rate in tall rescue was also less than that in Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass. Although Kentucky bluegrass showed a significant decline of leaf growth rate, no significant decline on its root biomass was found. This suggested its relative strong copper tolerance. It could be concluded that Bermuda grass, tall rescue or Kentucky bluegrass could be selected for the vegetation restoration and landscape of copper contaminated soils.