几种外生菌根菌对松苗抗非根部病害的影响

Effects of Some Ectomycorrhizas on Pine Seedlings to Disease Resistance

研究几种外生菌根真菌对松苗抗松枯梢病和抗松材线虫病的影响。结果表明:菌根菌增强了马尾松苗苗木对松枯梢病的抵抗力,其中华美牛肝菌(504)菌根苗的抗性最强,其次为黄豹斑鹅膏(EG)和彩色豆马勃Pt2菌根苗,彩色豆马勃Pt1和紫金蜡蘑(ZJ)菌根苗的抗性相对较弱;但外生菌根菌对湿地松苗苗木抗松枯梢病的能力未见提高。对黑松和马尾松菌根苗接种松材线虫后发现,菌根增强了黑松和马尾松对松材线虫病的抵抗力,延缓或减轻了苗木的死亡,以504、Pt2和EG的效果较好。黑松菌根苗接种松材线虫后各处理体内早期的PAL活性存在一定差异。对松材线虫抗性较强的菌根苗其体内PAL酶活也较高,反之亦然。供试外生菌根菌的促生作用以及菌根苗体内抗病代谢酶活性的变化与其抗病性有一定的相关性。

Effects of ectomycorrhizas on pine seedlings in the resistance against pine shoot blight and canker and pine wilt disease were studied in this paper, the results showed that ectomycorrhizas improved the resistance of Pinus massoniana against pine shoot blight and canker. The mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated Boletus edulis have the best resistance, followed the mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated Amanita pantherina and Pisolithus tinctorius 2, the resistance of mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated P, tinctorius 1 and Lacearia aemthystea was weaker; but ectomycorrhizas didn＇t evidently improve the resistance of P. elliottii against pine shoot blight and canker. After inoculating Bursaphelenchus xylophilus to mycorrhizal seedlings of P. massoniana and P, thunbergii, it was found that ectomycorrhizas improved the resistance of them against pine wilt disease, retarded or lightened the death of pine seedlings, which inoculating B, edulis, P. tinctorius 2 and A. pantherina had better effects. There are some differences in the activities of PAL among the mycorrhizal seedlings of P. thunbergii inoculated with B. xylophilus. The result suggested that promoting effect of ectomycorrhizas on pine seedling and the activities of PAL in the mycorrhizal seedling have some relation to its resistance.