构建我国自然保护区区域共管体系的思考——以太白山自然保护区为例

Consideration on the Establishment of Regional Co-management System for Nature Reserve:Make the Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve as an Example

基于新保护区管理理念和太白山国家级自然保护区所面对威胁因素和利益相关方的分析,探析自然保护区区域共管体系的内涵。提出通过建立以区域生物多样性保护委员会为首,宗教共管委员会、社区共管委员会、生态旅游共管委员会为支撑的“区域共管体系”组织结构。为确保区域共管体系得以建立和有效运行,应建立引导、回馈、监督、互动、激励等保障机制。

Funded by the Global Environmental Facility, some nature reserves in our nation conducted co-management activities, which enhanced validities of conservation and management activities. Local government played more important roles on constructions and developments of nature reserves than before. Solutions were to be sought to eliminate new threats, facing nature reserves, from regional aspect. Based on the analysis on a new concept on nature reserve management and threats and multiple stakeholders around the Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve, significance of the Regional Co-management System was discussed to involve all stakeholders into process of construction and development of nature reserves. The System was designed to consist of the Regional Bio-diversity Management Committee and other three committees, i.e. the Religious Co-management Committee, the Communities Co-management Committee and the Eco-tourism Co-management Committee. Local government and nature reserve authority respectively played their roles to ensure the establishment of the Regional Bio-diversity Management Committee and three Co-management Committees. In order to make sure of the establishment of the Regional Co-management System, some guarantee mechanisms are argued to be established as following. Inductive mechanism is needed to set up to lead local governments participate in nature conservation. Returning mechanism is designed and aimed to award nearby communities for promoting their livelihood and development. Monitoring mechanism is established to regulate local commercial activities. Inspiring mechanism is to encourage those believing in religion and engaging in scientific research joining in nature conservation. For threats caused by rapid development of regional social economy continually increase to development of the Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve, the Regional Co-Management System is significant and urgent to be established to solve the threats and harmonize the development of regional social economy and nature conservation.