残根残冠的保存治疗及功能性修复

Preserving treatment and function restoration of residual crowns and roots

目的探讨残根残冠保存治疗的适应证、方法和烤瓷牙功能性修复的种类、方法。方法选择门诊538例患者807颗残根残冠进行保存治疗;治疗成功后采用不同方法进行功能性修复,并追踪观察1.0~5.5年。结果807颗牙根管治疗并烤瓷冠修复后,798颗牙未出现异常情况,9颗牙出现根折、松动、脱落、基牙根纵裂等并发症。结论残根残冠的保存治疗及功能性修复是一种理想的治疗方法,但应具备以下条件：①能彻底治愈的牙周病和根尖周病。②基牙应具备良好固位形和抗力形。③修复体能获得较为满意的咀嚼功能和美学效果。④避免或减少牙槽骨的吸收。

Objective To investigate the indication, methods of preserving treatment of residual crowns and roots. Methods 807 residual crowns and roots of 538 patients were examined physically and X-ray photos were taken. After completion of preserving treatment, different methods were taken to functional restoration, and clinical observation was followed for 1.5-5 years. Results 798 teeth were normal, and 9 cases failed. The complications included root fracture, loose, fall off, longitudinal breakage of basic teeth root, etc. Conclusion The preserving treatment and function restoration of residual crowns and roots is an ideal treatment methods, but following conditions are necessary： 1. periodontosis and periapical disease can be cured thoroughly. 2. The basical teeth have good fixed and resistance figure. 3. The restoration of residual roots and crowns can achieve relatively satisfactory function and esthetic effects; 4. The absorbance of alveolar bone can be avoided or decreased.