江苏省太仓、常州市妇女贫血影响因素分析

Study on risk factors of anemia among women in Taichang and Chanzhou city of Jiangsu province

目的分析江苏省太仓、常州市妇女贫血危险因素,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法随机抽取太仓、常州市农村和城市18～50周岁健康育龄妇女1100名,依据WHO标准进行贫血筛检。根据年龄和血红蛋白值,按病例（贫血）与对照（非贫血）以1∶1配对,共303对,对所有研究对象进行影响因素问卷调查,食物摄入采用食物频率法调查。结果单因素Logistic回归分析表明,育龄妇女发生缺铁性贫血的影响因素有妇女月经、曾经流产次数、体质指数（BMI）、每日摄入蔬菜、Fe以及Cu量。多因素分析表明,流产次数、（OR=1.94,P=0.008）、体质指数（OR=2.27,P=0.026）、每日摄入菜种类（OR=0.51,P=0.048）、维生素A（OR=0.27,P=0.002）,Fe（OR=0.19,P〈0.001）、Cu（OR=0.38,P=0.013）量与贫血有相关性。结论江苏省太仓、常州市妇女贫血影响因素中,饮食与生活习惯相关。干预措施重点应该放在健康的饮食和生活习惯上。

Objective To determine risk factors associated with anemia among women in the southern part of Jiangsu province, and to provide entry points for intervention. Methods 1100 healthy women aged 18 - 50 years were randomly selected and screened for anemia according to WHO criteria. The study was done in Taicang and Chanzhou. Every case was matched with a control according to age and hemogobin. The participants were interviewed by health workers using structured questionnaire. Food intake was assessed by food frequency questionaire. Results The sample included 303 cases. Anemia was significantly associated with menstruation, number of miscarriage/abortion, body mass index（BMI）, intake of vegetables, Fe, Cu in univariate analysis. Among them, the two most important factor were body mass index（BMI）[OR1.72,95% CI （0.93 - 3.28） ], the in take of Fe[OR0.21,95%CI （0.12-0.35）] .Multivariate analysis showed that number of miscarriage/abortion, body mass index（BMI）, the varieties of vegetables, the intake of vitamin A, Fe, Cu were independently related to risk of anemia. Conclusion Both diet and lifestyle factors were associated with anemia among women in the south of Jiangsu province. Intervention should focus on healthy eating and lifestyle. Further study on the assertion between inflammation/infection and anemia was needed.