空心莲子草对钉螺肝肠超微结构影响

Effect of alternanthera philoxeroides on ultrastructure of liver and intestine of oncomelania hupensis

目的研究空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)杀灭钉螺的作用机制。方法将空心莲子草干燥细粉水提取液(1 g/100 ml)及去氯水分别浸泡钉螺24 h后,用透射电镜观察2组钉螺肝肠超微结构的变化。结果钉螺经空心莲子草干燥细粉水提取液浸泡24 h后,肝细胞明显破坏,其胞膜溶蚀,胞浆空泡化,线粒体和粗面内质网严重空泡变性,胞内分泌颗粒固缩,次级溶酶体和自噬体增多,细胞核浓缩,核膜残缺;肠上皮细胞核轻度肿胀,细胞间隙明显增大,胞质内及细胞间出现透亮区。结论空心莲子草干燥细粉水提取液对钉螺肝细胞有明显破坏作用,同时可引起肠上皮细胞内及细胞间水肿。

Objective To study on the mechanisms of natural compounds extracted from altemanthera philoxeroides killing snails. Methods Snails were immersed in aqueous extractant of altemanthera philoxeroides（1g/100ml） or dechlorinated water for 24h, and then the ultrastructures of the liver and intestine from the snails were observed by using a transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Results After snails were immersed in aqueous extractant of altemanthera philoxeroides for 24h, hepatocytes of the snails were destroyed noticeably and pericellular membrane was erosion. The numerous vesicles and vacuoles were formed in cytoplasm. Mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum were markedly vesicnlated. Secretory granules in cytoplasm were pycnosis, while the number of secondary lysosomes and autopbegosome were increased. Nuclei were karyopyknosis and karyothecas were fragmentary. Nuclei of intestinal epithelial cells were a slight swelling, and their gap between intestinal epithelial cells became clearly enlarged, and there were clear region in and between intestinal epithelial cells. Conclusion Aqueous extractant of altemanthera philoxeroides can harm hepatocyte and cause edema in and between intestinal epithelial cells of onoornelania hupensis.