秦岭北麓区域主要河流水质分析与评价

The Analysis and Appraisal of Main Rivers' Water Quality on the North Slope of Qinling Mountains

通过野外调查取样和室内实验检测,分析和评价了秦岭北麓主要河流的水质现状,结果表明:①区域内河流污染成分主要以有机污染为主,其次是金属污染,金属污染主要以铅、汞污染为主。②在检测的41个河段中,按综合污染指数大小分级,共计有56.10%的河段受到不同程度的污染,其中,水质严重污染的河段占7.32%,水质重污染的河段占14.63%,水质轻污染的河段占34.15%;共计有43.90%的河段水质较好,其中,水质尚清洁的河段占34.15%,水质清洁河段占9.76%。③区域内水污染已较为严重,使得河流水环境承载能力降低,水环境安全已经受到一定程度的威胁。

The water samples were collected from various counties on the north slope of Qinling Mountains to analyze and assess, the water＇s present environment quality situation. The results showed that： （1） The rivers are mainly polluted by the organic pollutants, the metal pollution is the next, the metal pollution primarily includes the mercury and the lead pollution. （2） In 41 sections that are examined, there are altogether 56.10% sections that have suffered pollution of different degree,according to the synthesis pollution index＇s grading. Among them, there are 7. 32% sections that have suffered serious pollution. There are 14.63% sections that have suffered heavy pollution. There are 34.15% sections that have suffered light pollution; there are altogether 43. 90% sections that its water quality are good. Among them, there are 34.15% sections that its water quality are somewhat clean. There are 9.76% rivers that its water quality are clean. （3） The water pollution has been serious in the north slope of Qinling Mountains, which makes the rivers＇ environmental carrying capacity decrease. The environmental safety of water has already received the serious threat in some degree.