全球变暖对宁夏六盘山区气候的影响

Effects of Global Warming on Liupan Mountain Region's Climate of Ningxia

在全球气候变暖的背景下,宁夏六盘山区四季和年平均气温各年代均呈递增的趋势,尤其是20世纪90年代以后增暖明显。年降水呈波动式变化趋势,冬季降水增加明显,夏季和年降水增加缓慢,各年代中冬季、夏季、秋季和年最多降水均出现在气温偏暖的21世纪初,气候有从暖干向暖湿转变的趋势。四季和年蒸发量的变化趋势基本一致,21世纪初均呈减少的趋势。总体而言,气温升高、降水增多、蒸发减少的气候条件,有利于气候向暖湿化方向转变,有利于减少地表水分的损失、恢复植被、涵养水源,能更好地调节周边的气候。

Under the background of global warming, the seasonal and the annual mean air temperature of Ningxia Liupan mountain region both have increased trends in each age, particularly obviously after the 1990s. The annual precipitation has a fluctuation change trend, the precipitation increases obviously in winter, the summer precipitation and the annual precipitation increase slowly, in each age the maximum precipitation in winter, summer, autumn and the maximum annual precipitation all appear at the beginning of 21st century in which the air temperature is warmer, the climate has a change trend from dry and warm to wet and warm. The seasonal and the annual evaporation have almost the same change trend, they both have decreasing trends at the beginning of 21st century. In a word, the climate conditions of temperature increasing, precipitation increasing and evaporation decreasing benefit the climate change to the direction of wet and warm, benefit to decrease the loss of earth＇s surface humidity, benefit the instauration of plant cover, benefit to self-restraint headwaters, and can regulate the circumjacent climate better.