非水相合成在非氧化物半导体纳米晶材料制备中的应用进展

Progress on the Synthesis of Non-Oxide Semiconductor Nanocrystals Through Nonhydrolytic Colloidal Routes

半导体纳米晶材料由于具有表面效应、量子尺寸效应、介电限域效应、特殊的热学性质、光学性质及光电化学性质等而成为材料科学和化学领域的研究热点.在研究它们独特性质的时候,制备出各种高质量的纳米晶材料就成为必备条件之一.非水相合成相对于已报道的其它方法而言,具有很多优点,如:单分散性好,粒径容易控制、产物的结晶度高等,而越来越被研究者关注.本文对近几年关于半导体纳米晶材料的非水相合成方法进行了综述.

Due to their unique size-dependent optical and electronic properties, semiconductor nanocrystals have attracted a great deal of attention in recent decades. In particular, the synthesis of monodisperse semiconductor nanocrystals has keen intensively pursued. Different methods have been reported, such as, surfactant-assisted soft chemistry method, microemulsion method, and solvothermal route. Comparably, nonhydrolytic colloidal routes which have been reported recently have several virtues and have been accepted widely as a useful method to synthesize high quality nanocrystals. In this paper, we introduce the progress on the synthesis of semiconductor nanocrystals by this method in recent years.